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Anxiety and Anxiety-Related DisordersAuthor: Robin Hieber, PharmD, BCPP
Learning Objectives
At the end of this program, the participant should be able to:
- Describe the signs and symptoms, diagnostic criteria, and pathophysiology for anxiety and anxiety-related disorders.
- Explain the use of common rating scales for research, diagnosis, and management of anxiety and anxiety-related disorders.
- Discuss the efficacy of pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatment options (including natural products, if applicable) in the acute and long-term management of anxiety and anxiety-related disorders.
- Outline the mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and pharmacogenetic properties (if applicable), adverse events, significant drug interactions, and warnings/precautions (including medical comorbidities, black box warnings, and REMS programs) for drugs used in anxiety and anxiety-related disorders.
- Describe treatment guidelines, pharmacoeconomics, and landmark clinical trials, including study design, strengths and weaknesses, and implications for practice for anxiety and anxiety-related disorders.
- Select an evidence-based drug therapy regimen (drug, dose, schedule, and duration of therapy) for stabilizing symptoms and preventing relapse given the clinical presentation of a specific patient.
- Outline a plan for monitoring and managing the safety and efficacy of drug therapy.
- Describe the management of anxiety and anxiety-related disorders in special populations (e.g., pregnancy/lactation, children, and elderly).
- Identify essential information to discuss during patient education about drug therapy and organizations that advocate and provide resources for individuals with anxiety and anxiety-related disorders.
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Biostatistics and Research Design in PsychiatryAuthor: Ryan Carnahan, PharmD, MS, BCPP
Learning Objectives
At the end of this program, the participant should be able to:
- Differentiate between descriptive and inferential statistics.
- Explain various study designs, including strengths and weaknesses, and types of bias present in each type.
- Describe appropriateness of the study design for research questions and hypotheses.
- Explain key epidemiologic concepts: incidence, prevalence, relative risk, odds ratio, relative and absolute risk reduction, and number needed to treat and harm.
- Explain the different types of error and how to reduce each.
- Explain the process of calculating a sample size.
- Describe different types of data, which statistical tests can be used for each type, groups being used, and the relationship between groups.
- Describe different ways to report and interpret statistical significance of a study using p-values and confidence intervals.
- Describe survival analyses.
- Outline the differences between noninferiority and traditional hypothesis testing trials.
- Describe the differences between internal and external validity.
- Discuss the differences between clinical and statistical significance.
- Explain the unique, core components of a pharmacoeconomic evaluation.
- Describe the differences between the four primary perspectives from which a pharmacoeconomic evaluation can be conducted.
- Contrast four economic evaluation methods commonly applied to pharmacy practice in today's healthcare settings, including the different outcomes that are employed by each method.
- Describe an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio.
- Distinguish between a systematic review and a meta-analysis.
- Describe the process of using a systematic approach to critically evaluating the literature.
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Bipolar DisorderAuthor: Jeremy Daniel, PharmD, BCPS, BCPP
Learning Objectives
At the end of this program, the participant should be able to:
- Describe the signs, symptoms, diagnostic criteria, and pathophysiology for bipolar disorder.
- Explain the use of common rating scales for research, diagnosis, and management of bipolar disorder.
- Discuss the efficacy of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment options (including natural products) in the acute and long-term management of bipolar disorder.
- Outline the mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, pharmacogenetic properties, adverse events, significant drug interactions, and warnings/precautions for drugs used in bipolar disorder.
- Describe treatment guidelines, pharmacoeconomics, and landmark clinical trials, including study design, strengths and weaknesses, and implications for practice for bipolar disorder.
- Select an evidence-based drug therapy regimen (drug, dose, schedule, and duration of therapy) for stabilizing symptoms and preventing relapse given the clinical presentation of a specific patient.
- Outline a plan for monitoring and managing the safety and efficacy of drug therapy.
- Describe the management of bipolar disorder in special populations (i.e., pregnancy/lactation, children, and elderly).
- Identify essential information to discuss during patient education about drug therapy.
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DepressionAuthor: Sarah Grady, PharmD, BCPS, BCPP
Learning Objectives
At the end of this program, the participant should be able to:
- Describe the signs and symptoms, diagnostic criteria, and pathophysiology for depression.
- Explain the use of common rating scales for research, diagnosis, and management of depression.
- Discuss the efficacy of pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatment options (including natural products, if applicable) in the acute and long-term management of depression.
- Outline the mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and pharmacogenetic properties (if applicable), adverse events, significant drug interactions, and warnings/precautions (including medical comorbidities, black box warnings, and REMS programs) for drugs used in depression.
- Describe treatment guidelines, pharmacoeconomics, and landmark clinical trials, including study design, strengths and weaknesses, and implications for practice for depression.
- Select an evidence-based drug therapy regimen (drug, dose, schedule, and duration of therapy) for stabilizing symptoms and preventing relapse given the clinical presentation of a specific patient.
- Outline a plan for monitoring and managing the safety and efficacy of drug therapy.
- Describe the management of depression in special populations (e.g., pregnancy/lactation, children, and elderly).
- Identify essential information to discuss during patient education about drug therapy and organizations that advocate and provide resources for individuals with depression.
- Explain the components of suicide risk assessment.
- Describe the determination of levels of suicide risk.
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Introduction to Psychiatric PharmacyAuthor: Carol Ott, PharmD, BCPP, Chris Paxos, PharmD, BCPP, BCPS, BCGP
Learning Objectives
At the end of this program, the participant should be able to:
- Identify social and cultural norms that can impact therapeutic outcomes.
- List the essential components of the psychiatric interview and a neurologic evaluation.
- Explain the role of the psychiatric interview in the collection of health and medication history.
- Recognize the essential components of shared decision making and its importance to optimized patient outcomes.
- Describe the principles and components of a holistic treatment approach.
- Explain the rationale for collection of collateral information by the treatment team.
- Outline the steps in the medication reconciliation process.
- Describe the features of care coordination and transitional care models of care and the role of the pharmacist in these processes.
- Identify principles and methods for educating health care professionals.
- Explain procedures for assessing the effectiveness of education of health care professionals.
- Identify principles and methods for educating patients and the public.
- Explain procedures for assessing the effectiveness of education of patients and the public.
- Identify principles of health literacy.
- Outline principles, processes and measures for measuring the effectiveness of psychiatric pharmacy services.
- Outline known disparities in psychotropic medication use on the basis of ethnicity, gender/gender identity, and geographic location.
- Identify pharmacist practice models that address known gaps in care of psychiatric disorders.
- Identify methods to provide and assess medication education to patients, families, and caregivers in individual and group sessions, and improve adherence.
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Neurocognitive DisordersAuthor: Andrew Williams, PharmD, BCPP, BCGP
Learning Objectives
At the end of this program, the participant should be able to:
- Describe the signs and symptoms, diagnostic criteria, and pathophysiology for neurocognitive disorders.
- Explain the use of common rating scales for research, diagnosis, and management of neurocognitive disorders.
- Discuss the efficacy of pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatment options (including natural products, if applicable) in the acute and long-term management of neurocognitive disorders.
- Outline the mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and pharmacogenetic properties (if applicable), adverse events, significant drug interactions, and warnings/precautions (including medical comorbidities, black box warnings, and REMS programs) for drugs used in neurocognitive disorders.
- Describe treatment guidelines, pharmacoeconomics, and landmark clinical trials, including study design, strengths and weaknesses, and implications for practice for neurocognitive disorders.
- Select an evidence-based drug therapy regimen (drug, dose, schedule, and duration of therapy) for stabilizing symptoms and preventing relapse given the clinical presentation of a specific patient.
- Outline a plan for monitoring and managing the safety and efficacy of drug therapy.
- Identify essential information to discuss during patient education about drug therapy and organizations that advocate and provide resources for individuals with neurocognitive disorders.
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Neurodevelopmental, Disruptive, Impulse-Control and Conduct DisordersAuthor: Sandra Mullen, PharmD, BCPP
Learning Objectives
At the end of this program, the participant should be able to:
- Describe the signs and symptoms, diagnostic criteria, and pathophysiology for neurodevelopmental, disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders.
- Explain the use of common rating scales for research, diagnosis, and management of neurodevelopmental, disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders.
- Discuss the efficacy of pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatment options (including natural products, if applicable) in the acute and long-term management of neurodevelopmental, disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders.
- Outline the mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and pharmacogenetic properties (if applicable), adverse events, significant drug interactions, and warnings/precautions (including medical comorbidities, black box warnings, and REMS programs) for drugs used in neurodevelopmental, disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders.
- Describe treatment guidelines, pharmacoeconomics, and landmark clinical trials, including study design, strengths and weaknesses, and implications for practice for neurodevelopmental, disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders.
- Select an evidence-based drug therapy regimen (drug, dose, schedule, and duration of therapy) for stabilizing symptoms and preventing relapse given the clinical presentation of a specific patient.
- Outline a plan for monitoring and managing the safety and efficacy of drug therapy.
- Describe the management of neurodevelopmental, disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders in special populations (e.g., pregnancy/lactation, children, and elderly).
Recognize the behavioral phenotypes, major medical complications, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical course, and drug therapy treatment options for patients with the following syndromes:
- Down Syndrom
- Prader-Willi Syndrome
- Fragile X Syndrome
- Klinefelter’s Syndrome
- Rett's Syndrome
- Identify essential information to discuss during patient education about drug therapy and organizations that advocate and provide resources for individuals with neurodevelopmental, disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders.
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Neurologic DisordersAuthor: Kimberly Tallian, PharmD, APH, BCPP, FASHP, FCCP, FCSHP
Learning Objectives
At the end of this program, the participant should be able to:
- Describe the signs and symptoms, diagnostic criteria, and pathophysiology for neurologic disorders.
- Explain the use of common rating scales for research, diagnosis, and management of neurologic disorders.
- Discuss the efficacy of pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatment options (including natural products, if applicable) in the acute and long-term management of neurologic disorders.
- Outline the mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and pharmacogenetic properties (if applicable), adverse events, significant drug interactions, and warnings/precautions (including medical comorbidities, boxed warnings, and Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies (REMS) programs) for drugs used in neurologic disorders.
- Describe treatment guidelines, pharmacoeconomics, and landmark clinical trials, including study design, strengths and weaknesses, and implications for practice for neurologic disorders.
- Recognize an evidence-based drug therapy regimen (drug, dose, schedule, and duration of therapy) for stabilizing symptoms and preventing relapse given the clinical presentation of a specific patient.
- Outline a plan for monitoring and managing the safety and efficacy of drug therapy.
- Describe the management of neurologic disorders in special populations (e.g., pregnancy/lactation, children, and elderly).
- Identify essential information to discuss during patient education about drug therapy and organizations that advocate and provide resources for individuals with neurologic disorders.
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Personality Disorders and Eating DisordersAuthor: Lindsey Miller, PharmD, BCPP
Learning Objectives
At the end of this program, the participant should be able to:
- Describe the signs and symptoms, diagnostic criteria, and pathophysiology for personality disorders and eating disorders.
- Explain the use of common rating scales for research, diagnosis, and management of personality disorders and eating disorders.
- Discuss the efficacy of pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatment options (including natural products, if applicable) in the acute and long-term management of personality disorders and eating disorders.
- Outline the mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and pharmacogenetic properties (if applicable), adverse events, significant drug interactions, and warnings/precautions (including medical comorbidities, black box warnings, and REMS programs) for drugs used in personality disorders and eating disorders.
- Describe treatment guidelines, pharmacoeconomics, and landmark clinical trials, including study design, strengths and weaknesses, and implications for practice for personality disorders and eating disorders.
- Recognize an evidence-based drug therapy regimen (i.e., drug, dose, schedule, and duration of therapy) for stabilizing symptoms and preventing relapse given the clinical presentation of a specific patient.
- Outline a plan for monitoring and managing the safety and efficacy of drug therapy.
- Describe the management of personality disorders and eating disorders in special populations (e.g., pregnancy/lactation, children, and elderly).
- Identify essential information to discuss during patient education about drug therapy and organizations that advocate and provide resources for individuals with personality disorders and eating disorders.
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Regulatory Issues in Pharmacy PracticeAuthor: Michele Thomas, PharmD, BCPP
Learning Objectives
At the end of this program, the participant should be able to:
- Describe the P&T Committee, formulary management, medication use evaluation (MUE), and the MUE process from identification of drug to development and implementation of protocols or guidelines.
- Outline a plan to start a new service or evaluate a current service using the performance improvement cycle.
- Outline a program to monitor and prevent medication misadventures.
- Recognize the Joint Commission standards related to pharmacy practice in psychiatric settings.
- Describe the use of State Operations Manual F-tags in the pharmacologic management of psychiatric disorders in long-term care facilities.
- Explain the basic ethical principles of the Belmont Report and its relationship to human subject research and clinical practice.
- Describe the roles of the institutional review board, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, and Office for Human Research Protections in research that impact patients with psychiatric illness.
- Describe the role of Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services in the reimbursement process for healthcare, including pharmacy.
- Describe steps to be taken for compliance with the Drug Supply Chain Security Act.
- Describe the safe handling of hazardous medications in psychiatric settings as defined by USP General Chapter <800>.
- Apply principles of professional ethics to the issue of medication administration in patients that lack capacity to provide consent.
- Describe the characteristics of prescription drug monitoring programs.
- Discuss the evidence for the effectiveness of prescription drug monitoring programs.
- Describe disease surveillance and the national and international organizations that report on it.
- Define collaborative practice agreements and the common components of their regulations.
- State the roles of professionals involved in collaborative practice agreements and strategies for developing agreements.
- Describe resources available to pharmacists for the development of collaborative practice agreements.
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Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic DisordersAuthor: Charles Caley, PharmD, BCPP
Learning Objectives
At the end of this program, the participant should be able to:
- Describe the signs and symptoms, diagnostic criteria, and pathophysiology for schizophrenia spectrum, other psychotic disorders, and movement disorders.
- Explain the use of common rating scales for research, diagnosis, and management of schizophrenia spectrum, other psychotic disorders, and movement disorders.
- Discuss the efficacy of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment options (including natural products, if applicable) in the acute and long-term management of schizophrenia spectrum, other psychotic disorders, and movement disorders.
- Outline the mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and pharmacogenetic properties (if applicable), adverse events, significant drug interactions, and warnings/precautions (including medical comorbidities, black box warnings, and REMS programs) for drugs used in schizophrenia spectrum, other psychotic disorders, and movement disorders.
- Describe treatment guidelines, pharmacoeconomics, and landmark clinical trials, including study design, strengths and weaknesses, and implications for practice for schizophrenia spectrum, other psychotic disorders, and movement disorders.
- Recognize an evidence-based drug therapy regimen (drug, dose, schedule, and duration of therapy) for stabilizing symptoms and preventing relapse given the clinical presentation of a specific patient.
- Outline a plan for monitoring and managing the safety and efficacy of drug therapy.
- Describe the management of schizophrenia spectrum, other psychotic disorders, and movement disorders in special populations (e.g., pregnancy/lactation, children, and elderly).
- Identify essential information to discuss during patient education about drug therapy and organizations that advocate and provide resources for individuals with schizophrenia spectrum, other psychotic disorders, and movement disorders.
- Describe provider behaviors and responses, environmental responses, and de-escalation techniques useful for calming agitated patients.
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Sleep-Wake DisordersAuthor: Megan Maroney, PharmD, BCPP
Learning Objectives
At the end of this program, the participant should be able to:
- Describe the signs and symptoms, diagnostic criteria, and pathophysiology for sleep-wake disorders.
- Explain the use of common rating scales for research, diagnosis, and management of sleep-wake disorders.
- Discuss the efficacy of pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatment options (including natural products, if applicable) in the acute and long-term management of sleep-wake disorders.
- Outline the mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and pharmacogenetic properties (if applicable), adverse events, significant drug interactions, and warnings/precautions [including medical comorbidities, black box warnings, and risk evaluation and mitigation strategy (REMS) programs] for drugs used in sleep-wake disorders.
- Describe treatment guidelines, pharmacoeconomics, and landmark clinical trials, including study design, strengths and weaknesses, and implications for practice for sleep-wake disorders.
- Recognize an evidence-based drug therapy regimen (drug, dose, schedule, and duration of therapy) for stabilizing symptoms and preventing relapse given the clinical presentation of a specific patient.
- Outline a plan for monitoring and managing the safety and efficacy of drug therapy.
- Describe the management of sleep-wake disorders in special populations (e.g., pregnancy/lactation, children, and elderly).
- Identify essential information to discuss during patient education about drug therapy and organizations that advocate and provide resources for individuals with sleep-wake disorders.
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Substance-Related DisordersAuthor: Erika Titus-Lay, PharmD, BCPS, BCPP
Learning Objectives
At the end of this program, the participant should be able to:
- Describe the signs and symptoms, diagnostic criteria, and pathophysiology for substance-related disorders.
- Explain the use of common rating scales for research, diagnosis, and management of substance-related disorders.
- Discuss the efficacy of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment options (including natural products, if applicable) in the acute and long-term management of substance-related disorders.
- Outline the mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and pharmacogenetic properties (if applicable), adverse events, significant drug interactions, and warnings/precautions (including medical comorbidities, black box warnings, and REMS programs) for drugs used in substance-related disorders.
- Describe treatment guidelines, pharmacoeconomics, and landmark clinical trials, including study design, strengths and weaknesses, and implications for practice for substance-related disorders.
- Recognize an evidence-based drug therapy regimen (drug, dose, schedule, and duration of therapy) for stabilizing symptoms and preventing relapse given the clinical presentation of a specific patient.
- Outline a plan for monitoring and managing the safety and efficacy of drug therapy.
- Describe the management of substance-related disorders in special populations (e.g., pregnancy/lactation, children, and elderly).
- Identify essential information to discuss during patient education about drug therapy and organizations that advocate and provide resources for individuals with substance-related disorders.
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The Psychiatric Pharmacotherapy Review Book is designed for use by individuals preparing to sit for the Board Certified Psychiatric Pharmacist (BCPP) examination. AAPP surveys show that at least 90% of successful BCPP candidates purchase the Review Book as their primary study tool. One hundred percent of survey respondents indicate that the Review Book was their primary study resource and a key tool to their certification success.